When we visited Laos in August, I went without any prior contact, since I knew nobody in the country, but still, I wanted to get a glimpse of what health care looks like, and listen to the actual health care workers in the country. So, one afternoon, we negotiated with a 'songthaew' driver to take us to Luang Prabang Provincial Hospital, more commonly known by locals as the 'Lao-China Friendship Hospital', or simply the 'Chinese' hospital.
Located off the main road four kilometers south of the city on a seven-hectare land, the hospital was completed in 2004 with assistance from China, as its name implies. It was already during the late hours of the afternoon, so the outpatient department had already closed and many staff gone home. Although without any contact beforehand, the staff at the counter in the deserted main hall kindly allowed us to walk around the hospital. Upon starting our 'tour', we noticed that all of the emergency exit signs and fire hydrant labels were written in Chinese and English only, and without Lao, no wonder the locals call it the 'Chinese' hospital.
While we were walking, we came into a nurse, who was apparently about to go home, and she was kind enough to let us hear about the hospital and her job. The hospital is divided into four major departments: inpatient, outpatient, labor room, and pediatrics. The outpatient clinic includes internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, family planning, otorhinolaryngology (ear-nose-throat), dentistry, and emergency. Depending on the day, the hospital sees about 25 to 100 patients per day, with Monday getting the highest number. Its medical staff comprises 97 nurses, 27 physicians, plus 10 volunteering nurses from South Korea. Some common medical problems include common cold, respiratory infections, cardiovascular disorders, gastroenteritis, and accidents. She said that an increasing number of people do not take enough exercise, something I am used to hearing in other parts of the globe as well.
After going through the examination rooms, we visited the ANC, or the antenatal care department, which they say is the busiest part of the facility. At least three staff must constantly be present here, so they are currently working on a 24-hour-work-and-24-hour-rest rotation. For vacation, they get 10 days off per year. According to them, the busiest months are February, March, May, and June, before the rainy season starts. Here we met some nursing students, who told us that they have a 2.5-year program. There were no medical students, but we found out that is because the sole faculty of medicine in Laos is in Vientiane, the capital.
For the patient, there are two often-encountered problems in the medical scene, although they do represent larger underlying issues. One is the lack of medicine matching that of international standards. In recent years, foreign aid, especially from China and Japan, has helped hospitals to update their out-dated facilities and equipment, and bring up more health care professionals, however, there still are often cases where the patient is asked to travel down to the capital of Vientiane, almost 500 kilometers away on a recently-paved mountainous road. And even at there too, the patient is often asked to cross the 'Friendship Bridge' to receive further treatment at a Thai hospital. In emergency cases, such as major traffic accidents, this clearly does not work. And, obviously the patient would have to pay for all of the transportation costs, and the fees skyrocket if you need to be transported across the border.
This leads to the second issue: money. Universal health care is still non-existent, so even in public hospitals the patient needs to pay. The same goes with ambulance, where patients pay by the kilometer, like a taxi. If she or he gets admitted, the average fee per night for a normal room is 40,000 kip (about US$4.80), but that is not easy for a country where people live on an average 10,000 kip (about US$1.20) per day, though the economic disparities are great. People who live in Vientiane, the nation's capital, are the richest, where over 50% of households have cars and 40% have air-conditioners, while next comes those living in the capitals of the provinces, like Luang Prabang, and the poorest are the farmers who live in the mountains and the countryside. According to the staff, patients who have financial difficulties paying fees may submit a request to receive aid from the government, but again, one needs to travel down to the capital to do so. It is not surprising that the 150 beds at Luang Prabang hospital are never near full.
The government seems to have started working on these issues over these few years, and is in the process of not only setting up a clinic in every village, but a primary school, and encouraging more villagers to have their children enrolled. Of course, the families would have to give up on earnings that would be made through having the child work instead and understand the long-term significance of education, so it's not easy, but at least they wouldn't have to walk hours to go to school anymore. They are also working to put more emphasis on preventive medicine, and moreover, health-building through community participation. Things have only started to change, and it will certainly take a long time, however, the interesting point about Laos is that they are going through the process at the same time their economy is developing, something other economically-developed nations went through at separate times, with economic development coming first.
When we visited Laos in August, I went without any prior contact, since I knew nobody in the country, but still, I wanted to get a glimpse of what health care looks like, and listen to the actual health care workers in the country. So, one afternoon, we negotiated with a 'songthaew' driver to take us to Luang Prabang Provincial Hospital, more commonly known by locals as the 'Lao-China Friendship Hospital', or simply the 'Chinese' hospital.
Located off the main road four kilometers south of the city on a seven-hectare land, the hospital was completed in 2004 with assistance from China, as its name implies. It was already during the late hours of the afternoon, so the outpatient department had already closed and many staff gone home. Although without any contact beforehand, the staff at the counter in the deserted main hall kindly allowed us to walk around the hospital. Upon starting our 'tour', we noticed that all of the emergency exit signs and fire hydrant labels were written in Chinese and English only, and without Lao, no wonder the locals call it the 'Chinese' hospital.
While we were walking, we came into a nurse, who was apparently about to go home, and she was kind enough to let us hear about the hospital and her job. The hospital is divided into four major departments: inpatient, outpatient, labor room, and pediatrics. The outpatient clinic includes internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, family planning, otorhinolaryngology (ear-nose-throat), dentistry, and emergency. Depending on the day, the hospital sees about 25 to 100 patients per day, with Monday getting the highest number. Its medical staff comprises 97 nurses, 27 physicians, plus 10 volunteering nurses from South Korea. Some common medical problems include common cold, respiratory infections, cardiovascular disorders, gastroenteritis, and accidents. She said that an increasing number of people do not take enough exercise, something I am used to hearing in other parts of the globe as well.
After going through the examination rooms, we visited the ANC, or the antenatal care department, which they say is the busiest part of the facility. At least three staff must constantly be present here, so they are currently working on a 24-hour-work-and-24-hour-rest rotation. For vacation, they get 10 days off per year. According to them, the busiest months are February, March, May, and June, before the rainy season starts. Here we met some nursing students, who told us that they have a 2.5-year program. There were no medical students, but we found out that is because the sole faculty of medicine in Laos is in Vientiane, the capital.
For the patient, there are two often-encountered problems in the medical scene, although they do represent larger underlying issues. One is the lack of medicine matching that of international standards. In recent years, foreign aid, especially from China and Japan, has helped hospitals to update their out-dated facilities and equipment, and bring up more health care professionals, however, there still are often cases where the patient is asked to travel down to the capital of Vientiane, almost 500 kilometers away on a recently-paved mountainous road. And even at there too, the patient is often asked to cross the 'Friendship Bridge' to receive further treatment at a Thai hospital. In emergency cases, such as major traffic accidents, this clearly does not work. And, obviously the patient would have to pay for all of the transportation costs, and the fees skyrocket if you need to be transported across the border.
This leads to the second issue: money. Universal health care is still non-existent, so even in public hospitals the patient needs to pay. The same goes with ambulance, where patients pay by the kilometer, like a taxi. If she or he gets admitted, the average fee per night for a normal room is 40,000 kip (about US$4.80), but that is not easy for a country where people live on an average 10,000 kip (about US$1.20) per day, though the economic disparities are great. People who live in Vientiane, the nation's capital, are the richest, where over 50% of households have cars and 40% have air-conditioners, while next comes those living in the capitals of the provinces, like Luang Prabang, and the poorest are the farmers who live in the mountains and the countryside. According to the staff, patients who have financial difficulties paying fees may submit a request to receive aid from the government, but again, one needs to travel down to the capital to do so. It is not surprising that the 150 beds at Luang Prabang hospital are never near full.
The government seems to have started working on these issues over these few years, and is in the process of not only setting up a clinic in every village, but a primary school, and encouraging more villagers to have their children enrolled. Of course, the families would have to give up on earnings that would be made through having the child work instead and understand the long-term significance of education, so it's not easy, but at least they wouldn't have to walk hours to go to school anymore. They are also working to put more emphasis on preventive medicine, and moreover, health-building through community participation. Things have only started to change, and it will certainly take a long time, however, the interesting point about Laos is that they are going through the process at the same time their economy is developing, something other economically-developed nations went through at separate times, with economic development coming first.
No comments:
Post a Comment